September 10, 2025EconomiesOpen Access

Shadow Economy and the Ecological Footprint Nexus: The Implication of Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN Countries

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The analysis shows that foreign direct investment is positively associated with the ecological footprint in ASEAN countries.
Findings revealed no evidence for an inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve between growth and ecological impact.
The study covers data from nine ASEAN member states between 1993 and 2017, underscoring the regional perspective on sustainability.
The research highlights the necessity for balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability through policy adjustments.

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Implication

Analysis reveals significant impacts of economic growth and energy consumption on ecological footprints in ASEAN, suggesting alignment with sustainability goals.

Cite This Study

Kongbuamai et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68c23c66b210217d6478972d https://doi.org/10.3390/economies13090258

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Implication

Analysis reveals significant impacts of economic growth and energy consumption on ecological footprints in ASEAN, suggesting alignment with sustainability goals.

Shadow Economy and the Ecological Footprint Nexus: The Implication of Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN Countries

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

Shadow Economy and the Ecological Footprint Nexus: The Implication of Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN Countries

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

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