Application of Toxicologically Informed Relative Potency Factors to Examine Associations between Water Disinfection Byproducts and Birth Defects

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Analysis shows associations between various disinfection byproducts and birth defects, suggesting unweighted metrics estimate risks reasonably.

Unweighted disinfection byproduct metrics may estimate risks of regulated DBPs, highlighting a need for further examination.
Relative potency factors for brominated disinfection byproducts were significantly higher than for chlorinated species, affecting outcome analysis.
Changes in adjusted odds ratios were noted for specific birth defects with certain mixtures of disinfection byproducts when RPF weighting was applied.
Evidence suggests that evaluations of birth defect risks associated with disinfection byproducts involve complex interactions needing further investigation.

Kaufman et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Analysis shows associations between various disinfection byproducts and birth defects, suggesting unweighted metrics estimate risks reasonably.