Utilization without equity: investigating gendered and structural inequities in antenatal care use in rural Kebbi State, Nigeria

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Cross-sectional study reveals barriers to antenatal care utilization in rural Kebbi State, highlighting gendered inequities.

Only 59% of women accessed essential iron supplementation, indicating significant gaps in maternal health services.
Major barriers to antenatal care included long distances (48.8%) and absence of female providers (28.3%), limiting equitable access.
Higher educational attainment is linked to improved antenatal care attendance, emphasizing the importance of education for women.
The mean number of antenatal care visits was 3.7, below WHO recommendations, particularly for women with no formal education.

Cyril Afamefuna Egbo (2025) studied this question.

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