Heat stress in goat (Capra hircus): Impacts on physiological responses, production, and reproduction

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Heat stress drastically reduces reproductive performance by 30–50% in subtropical goat breeds, impacting livestock sustainability.
High-yielding breeds suffer milk yield losses of up to 50% when exposed to thermal heat indices greater than 85.
Nutrition and environmental modifications, such as shade and antioxidants, are essential for reducing heat stress impacts on goats.
Indigenous breeds show resilience through enhanced heat shock proteins, emphasizing the need for breed-specific strategies to cope with climate change.

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Review reveals heat stress reduces reproductive performance and productivity in goats, indicating need for mitigation strategies.

Gadzama et al. (2025) studied this question.

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