Food Insecurity and Anxiety Symptoms Among Older Adults in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

The prevalence of anxiety is widely observed among older adults on a global scale. In this study, we investigate the relationship between food insecurity and anxiety symptoms in older adults living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Utilizing data from the WHO's Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE), a cross-sectional analysis was undertaken across six diverse nations - India, China, Ghana, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied, and subgroup analyses and interaction analyses were performed. Results suggest a significant positive association between food insecurity and anxiety symptoms. The association was notably stronger in Ghana (aOR = 6.26) and South Africa (aOR = 5.64). The association was significant among men in Ghana, Mexico, and South Africa and among women in India, Ghana, Russia, and South Africa. Measures to alleviate household food insecurity play a crucial role in enhancing the mental health of the growing older population in LMICs. Effective targeted interventions aimed at alleviating food poverty will play a crucial role in mitigating anxiety symptoms. Routine screening for food insecurity and mental health assessment is necessary, particularly when working with older population.