August 17, 2025

Sic est (non) iusta causa belli? Issues of Law and Justice in the Debate Concerning a Roman Annexation of Egypt in 65 BC

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Analysis reveals ethical debates on annexation in the Late Republic, suggesting law and justice motivated Roman foreign policy.

The debates around the annexation of the Ptolemaic kingdom highlight ethical discussions of law and justice among Romans.
Cicero's speech and the Bobbio scholiast’s commentary show that arguments for war focused on the concept of bellum iustum.
The research demonstrates that Romans aimed for their wars to have ethical justifications, contrary to some scholarly beliefs.
This discussion contributes to our understanding of Roman foreign policy and its interplay with legal and ethical considerations.

Wjatscheslaw K. Chrustaljow (2019) studied this question.

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