Enhancing venturi aerator efficiency: a CFD–PBM approach based on the effect of air stream velocity and water swirl

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CFD and PBM approaches enhance bubble dynamics in venturi aerators, indicating a 766% increase in bubble density with air swirl.

Enhancements in bubble distribution uniformity were observed with increased air stream velocity, suggesting improved aeration efficiency.
A notable increase of 520% in the largest bubbles' density was recorded when air velocity was elevated from 1 to 10 m/s.
Implementation of swirl at the inlet significantly impacted bubble size distribution and breakup characteristics in the venturi system.
The integrated Eulerian two-fluid model and k–ω SST model effectively captured turbulent flow, enhancing prediction reliability.

Roohi et al. (2025) studied this question.

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