Economic Cooperation Between Russia and China Within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: From Projects to Integration

In the modern world, international relations are becoming more complex and diverse. Globalization, technological progress and the changing geopolitical situation create new challenges and prospects for States. The author of the article analyzes the evolution of economic cooperation between Russia and China within the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, tracing the path from the implementation of individual projects to the formation of deep integration. Special attention is paid to the steady positive dynamics of trade turnover and its structural changes. The study examines in detail the key areas of cooperation: the energy sector, agriculture, high technology, logistics infrastructure, as well as multifaceted humanitarian cooperation. The author evaluates the institutional role of the SCO as a platform for developing Russia-China partnership. Based on the analysis of statistical data, expert assessments, and forecasts, the author argues for the prospects of further growth in trade turnover and the development of cooperation in the field of logistics integration, digitalization of customs procedures and innovative industries.