Study demonstrates optimization methods for phenolic compound extraction in Brazilian green propolis, indicating various ideal solvent conditions.
Phenolic compounds are the main components of green propolis, including its chemical marker Artepellin C, and several studies have been carried out to elucidate both its composition and biological activities. In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and response surface methodology (RSM) were applied to optimize the extraction process of phenolic compounds in Brazilian green propolis using methanol and ethanol as extraction solvents. The results showed that the ideal conditions for extracting simple phenolics with ethanol were 50% ethanol/water, 20 °C, 20% amplitude, and 0.6 s cycle; for complex phenolics, the conditions were 80% ethanol, 60 °C, 43% amplitude, and 0.8 s cycle. Using methanol, the ideal conditions were 100% solvent, 37 °C, 38% amplitude, and 0.2 s cycles.
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Pereira et al. (2025) studied this question.