The Role of Fly Ash, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Alccofine in Geopolymer Concrete: A Review

The construction industry is growing on a very rapid scale. Faster technological developments have been made to solve a number of issues faced by the construction industry. When it comes to materials used in construction, concrete produced from Ordinary Portland Cement is the most dominant material from many years, but it leads to serious environmental issues such as high carbon emissions produced during the cement’s production which is about eight to ten times the emissions of world’s carbon dioxide. Geopolymer Concrete lowers carbon emissions as it uses waste from industries, thus it is a sustainable and eco-friendly substitue to Ordinary Portland Cement concrete. This review assesses the fresh and hardened Geopolymer Concrete’s characteristics produced using by-products of industries, including Fly Ash, alccofine and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag. Emphasizing strength and durability, the contribution of these precursors in improving Geopolymer Concrete’s performance is thoroughly investigated. Geopolymer Concrete may have more initial production costs due to cost of alkali activators but this cost can be outweighed by the long term environmental impact and economic advantages. The information presented will help scholars, business leaders, and legislators promote sustainable building methods by implementing Geopolymer Concrete.