Advanced Thermal Management for PV Panels: Enhancing Efficiency with a Three‑Dimensional Pulsating Heat Pipe

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PHP integration effectively reduces PV module surface temperatures, leading to better electrical output and efficiency.
Using graphene oxide nanofluid at a 0.8 g/L concentration in 2 mm PHPs resulted in a 3.2% increase in daily power generation.
The study evaluates the performance of different inner diameters for HPs, highlighting the impact of design on cooling effectiveness.
Results emphasize the need for geometric optimization and careful selection of working fluids for improved PV cooling systems.

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Experimental analysis demonstrates improved efficiency in PV panels using pulsating heat pipes and nanofluids, suggesting new cooling strategies.

Kargaran et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Experimental analysis demonstrates improved efficiency in PV panels using pulsating heat pipes and nanofluids, suggesting new cooling strategies.