Effect of rhGM-CSF in promoting wound healing via macrophage immunomodulation

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Discussion

Clinical trial demonstrates rhGM-CSF enhances wound healing in diabetic ulcers, suggesting macrophage transformation plays a role.

Topical rhGM-CSF significantly accelerates wound healing, achieving an average rate of 2.53 mm²/day in mice.
In diabetic patients, the rhGM-CSF group showed a 97.7% decrease in wound area after one month compared to controls.
Analysis via western blot revealed changes in macrophage subtypes, with a shift from M1 to M2 types post-treatment.
Results support the idea that rhGM-CSF improves healing by modulating macrophage behavior, highlighting its therapeutic potential.

Zhang et al. (2025) studied this question.

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