Methane Mitigation in the Livestock Industry - Using Integrated Approach: A Review

Agriculture is a primary source of methane (CH4), which contributes to global warming. Globally, there is high methane emission due to the livestock industry expansions. reducing methane emissions is necessary in order to avert climatic catastrophe. This article collected and reviewed 155 published articles and online data base information on greenhouse gas management between 2017-2024. The objective was to ascertain which technology reduces methane to the bares minimum to mitigate climate change. Mitigation systems assessed included: manure acidification, animal housing system, manure storage system and temperature, filtration, vermicomposting, composting, biochar addition, feed additives, feeding technology, digester technology, and breed selection. It turned out that no single abatement technology can completely eliminate methane. Methane emissions will continue to increase if one-factor abatement is the main focus. An integrated strategy that incorporates economic and environmental assessments of livestock tradeoffs, nutrition and feed quality, and type, source, breed feed conversion efficiency arrangements can significantly reduce methane emissions. Simulating the earth’s carrying capacity and human demands for livestock products can reduce methane. An integrated technology that exploits all manure methane management principles in a livestock production system should be explored.