Impact of Modern Land Use Methods on Soil Degradation

The article studies the impact of modern land use methods on the quality of soils, focusing on such aspects as their fertility, physicochemical characteristics and ecological functions. It was found that intensive agricultural land use, excessive use of agrochemicals, large-scale introduction of mechanized technologies and monoculture cultivation are key factors contributing to soil degradation. The problems associated with the loss of organic matter in the soil, increased risks of erosion processes, soil compaction and impaired water permeability, which significantly affects the productivity of agricultural lands, are analyzed in detail. The article assesses the potential of using modern satellite technologies, such as multi-zone images and cluster analysis of light reflectance, for effective monitoring of the state of the soil cover. It has been proven that the use of these technologies allows not only to identify areas of degradation, but also to detect anomalous phenomena caused by negative agro-technological impacts, as well as to identify areas that require the implementation of environmentally sound measures. The feasibility of implementing practices such as crop rotation, organic farming, agroforestry, minimum tillage and precision agriculture aimed at preventing degradation processes has also been substantiated. It has been proven that these methods are effective for preserving soil fertility, improving their ecological sustainability and reducing the negative consequences of intensive land use. Practical recommendations have been developed for the implementation of innovative technologies in the land resources management system, including bioremediation, automated monitoring systems and analysis of data from satellite images. The obtained research results create a basis for the development of effective scientifically based measures that will contribute to improving the condition of soils, preserving their productivity and minimizing environmental risks, ensuring the sustainable development of agroecosystems in the long term.