Direct numerical simulation reveals swirl intensity increases with greater flow turning angles in S-shaped pipes, indicating implications for transport efficiency in fluid dynamics.
Key Points
Swirl intensity increases with larger flow turning angles, enhancing mass and energy transport in the flow field.
Axial flux analysis shows that the inner region of the boundary layer contributes dominantly to swirl enhancement mechanisms.
Comparative studies indicate that adverse pressure gradients trigger flow separation in the first bend of S-shaped pipes.
Secondary flow structures demonstrate similarities between S-shaped pipes and single curved pipes under supersonic flow conditions.