Effects of Green Innovations, Geopolitical Risk, Renewable Energy, and Urbanization on Environmental Quality in BRICS+T

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This research reveals that renewable energy and green innovation improve environmental quality in BRICS+T, suggesting urgent action is required.

Green innovation and renewable energy made significant improvements in environmental quality, lowering CO2 emissions.
The study's findings highlighted that geopolitical risk and unplanned urbanization weaken environmental outcomes.
Using advanced panel estimation techniques, the research evaluated data from BRICS+T economies between 2004 and 2022.
The results suggest a need for unified national strategies in technological, political, and urban planning initiatives.

Qamruzzaman et al. (2025) studied this question.

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This research reveals that renewable energy and green innovation improve environmental quality in BRICS+T, suggesting urgent action is required.