Eco-Oriented Planning in Urban System

The lack of continuity of urban planning documentation systems between the USSR and the Russian Federation and a sufficient number of urban planning specialists adapted to the new market conditions of urban development led to the formation of a new system of urban relations. The sections of the integrated assessment of territories disappeared in the documents of territorial planning and urban planning, as well as a layer of documents of environmentally oriented planning - territorial integrated schemes of nature protection, which in the USSR were developed for different administrative–territorial units and were subject to mandatory consideration when preparing project documentation. The significant simplification of the composition and content of territorial planning documents (territorial planning schemes and master plans) has determined the interest in foreign practice in solving environmental protection issues and ensuring sustainable development of territories. As a borrowing of the Western experience of sustainable development for the future, conjunctural documents "master plans" began to be introduced in our country, in fact, they do not introduce anything new in solving urgent problems in urban planning and territorial development. At the same time, our country has fundamental domestic urban planning methodological and technical developments that have proven their long-term effectiveness in practice, which must be used in the preparation of urban planning documentation and the development of the legal system of urban development. The research methodology is based on the use of an integrated systematic approach in analyzing the processes of urban development of territories from the standpoint of environmentally oriented planning. In studying the spatial aspects of the natural and ecological framework of territories, the interaction of its structural components with other elements of urban planning systems, complex analysis, analytical, logical, graphical research methods and modeling are used. The use of a systematic scientific and methodological approach has made it possible to identify common patterns of eco-oriented approaches to the development of territories as a necessary component of urban planning systems and ensuring sustainable development. Main scientific results: the role of the application of an eco-oriented approach in the preparation and implementation of urban planning documentation in Russia is substantiated. The variants of the implementation of environmental planning documents into the Russian urban planning system are considered, both in the form of separate sectoral planning that existed in the planning practice of the USSR, and in the form of separate sections of a comprehensive assessment of territories and environmental protection measures as part of urban planning documentation.