Maternal body mass index is related to fetal uptake of glucose and oxygen via fetal insulin resistance rather than fetal glucose levels

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Observational analysis shows fetal insulin resistance linked to maternal BMI in 32 healthy pregnancies, suggesting metabolic impacts on growth.

Fetal insulin resistance increases with maternal BMI, impacting fetal growth significantly.
Positive correlations found between maternal BMI, HOMA-IR and fetal insulin, with notable relationships to birthweight.
Assessment of metabolic status included analyzes of glucose, oxygen uptake and Doppler blood flow.
Results imply that maternal BMI influences fetal growth primarily through insulin resistance, not direct glucose effects.

Michelsen et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Observational analysis shows fetal insulin resistance linked to maternal BMI in 32 healthy pregnancies, suggesting metabolic impacts on growth.