Energy Poverty: Analysis of Infrastructure and Geographic Factors in Rural Areas of Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the chances of energy poverty in rural areas of Indonesia, with a focus on the role of infrastructure and geographic conditions. The data used comes from the 2018 Village Potential Data Collection (PODES), which covers 3,293 selected villages through purposive sampling techniques. The analytical method applied is binary logistic regression with a quantitative approach, using the maximum likelihood (ML) method for model estimation. The results of the study show that education, health infrastructure, and renewable energy development play a significant role in reducing energy poverty. In addition, the geographical conditions of remote and coastal villages are the main obstacles in the distribution of modern energy. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the need for integrative and sustainable policies, which pay attention to aspects of infrastructure, economy, and geographic characteristics, in order to increase access to clean and sustainable energy in rural areas of Indonesia, especially in the 3T areas. This strategy is expected to support inclusive and sustainable socio-economic development at the village level.