August 19, 2025Trakya University Journal of Natural SciencesOpen Access

Marine-derived Penicillium oxalicum M6A as a halotolerant biocatalyst for enzymatic biodegradation and detoxification of the azo dye Direct Red 75

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Authors

UOUgochukwu Okechukwu OzojioforNigerian Defence Academy MAMohammed Sani AbdulsalamiNigerian Defence Academy NENkechi Eucharia Egbe

Discussion

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Implication

Observational analysis shows effective biodegradation and detoxification of azo dye Direct Red 75 by Penicillium oxalicum M6A, indicating its potential for saline wastewater treatment.

Key Points

Optimal degradation efficiency of Direct Red 75 reached 90.37% under specific conditions of pH 5 and 50 mg/L dye concentration.
Laccase, azoreductase, and lignin peroxidase showed significant activity with values of 24.17 U/mL, 13.14 U/mL, and 12.54 U/mL, respectively.
Microtoxicity and phytotoxicity tests confirmed low toxicity of degradation products on bacteria and crop plants.
Overall findings support the use of Penicillium oxalicum M6A for treating dye-contaminated saline wastewater.

Cite This Study

Ozojiofor et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68af35e9cf1dd9ea359ea344 https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.5877563254657

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Implication

Observational analysis shows effective biodegradation and detoxification of azo dye Direct Red 75 by Penicillium oxalicum M6A, indicating its potential for saline wastewater treatment.