Rapidly progressive primary central nervous system vasculitis: a rare case with multifocal small and medium vessel involvement

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Primary CNS vasculitis can lead to rapid neurological decline despite treatment, illustrating its severity.
Imaging techniques revealed arterial beading and infarcts, linking these findings to primary CNS vasculitis.
Initial treatment included corticosteroids and rituximab, yet the patient's condition worsened with new infarcts developing.
Diagnosis requires careful exclusion of systemic vasculitis and a detailed analysis of cerebrospinal fluid results.

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Case report highlights diagnostic challenges and the need for aggressive therapy in primary CNS vasculitis, indicating unpredictable prognosis.

Bashier et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Case report highlights diagnostic challenges and the need for aggressive therapy in primary CNS vasculitis, indicating unpredictable prognosis.