August 18, 2025EnergiesOpen Access

Towards Climate-Resilient Dwellings: A Comparative Analysis of Passive and Active Retrofit Solutions in Aging Central European Housing Stock

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Solar protective glazing and reflective roofs significantly reduced thermal discomfort hours by up to 95%, improving comfort.
Modern windows alone decreased discomfort hours by 90% and reduced heating demand by 18%, indicating effectiveness.
Evaluation of passive and active solutions was conducted using computer-based simulations and in situ thermal measurements.
Study suggests selected hybrid strategies enhance summer comfort and maintain winter efficiency in aging multifamily housing.

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Comparative analysis shows passive and active retrofit solutions improve thermal comfort in aging apartments, highlighting optimal strategies.

Ferdyn-Grygierek et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Comparative analysis shows passive and active retrofit solutions improve thermal comfort in aging apartments, highlighting optimal strategies.