August 16, 2025Nature CommunicationsOpen Access

Regulatory T cell therapy promotes TGF-β and IL-6-dependent pro-inflammatory Th17 cell generation by reducing IL-2

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Adoptive regulatory T cell therapy promotes pathogenic Th17 cells in mice, suggesting potential challenges in treating autoimmunity.

Therapeutic T cell intervention increases pathogenic Th17 cell generation, highlighting autoimmune risks.
Increased IL-6 and TGF-β levels boost Th17 differentiation, emphasizing IL-2's suppressive role.
Adoptive regulatory T cell therapy enhances p-stat3/p-stat5 ratio, suggesting altered T cell signaling dynamics.
Blockade of IL-6/STAT3 pathway can reverse effects, indicating new strategies for improving therapy efficacy.

Cheng et al. (2025) studied this question.

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