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August 14, 2025

Retrospective Cohort Analysis for Identification of Discordant Rifampicin-resistant Xpert MTB/RIF Assay Results in South Kivu, Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, a High Burden Tuberculosis Setting.

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Authors

BBBertin C BisimwaMKMaja KiselinovaIMIsabel Cuella Martin

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Overview

Retrospective cohort analysis reveals false-positive rifampicin resistance in tuberculosis diagnostics, suggesting Xpert assay limitations.

Key Points

  • False-positive rifampicin resistance detection was observed in 31.9% of discordant cases with Xpert.
  • Of 1900 MTB samples tested, 220 (11.2%) were identified as rifampicin resistant using Xpert.
  • Retrospective cohort analysis utilized archived Xpert files from samples collected between 2013 and 2018.
  • Results highlight the need for caution in interpreting Xpert results, especially in low bacterial load situations.

Cite This Study

Bisimwa et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/689fc957e46e096235ce1a63https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf451
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