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August 6, 2025Environmental Reviews

Carbon footprint of primary production of cacao: a meta-analytical review

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Authors

JCJonathan CorneliusJames Cook UniversityFHFrederick C. HardyNatural Resources CanadaCHCélia A. HarveyRainforest Alliance

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Overview

Meta-analysis reveals cacao production's carbon footprint and suggests agroforestry can enhance CO2 removal rates.

Key Points

  • The median carbon footprints for cacao production are 732 CO2e ha-1 and 1.55 kg CO2e kg-1 dry beans.
  • Agroforestry production shows significantly lower carbon footprints compared to unshaded cacao, improving sustainability.
  • Sources of emissions include nitrogenous fertilizers and harvest residues, influencing overall carbon footprint values.
  • Implementing zero deforestation and improved management practices can significantly reduce cacao's global-warming impact.

Cite This Study

Cornelius et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/689a0fa0e6551bb0af8d190ehttps://doi.org/10.1139/er-2024-0146
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