Fracture Resistance of Polyethylene Fiber Posts vs. Prefabricated Glass Fiber Posts in Restoration of Root Canal‐Treated Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of In Vitro Studies

Objective This systematic review and meta‐analysis compares the fracture resistance of polyethylene fiber posts and prefabricated glass fiber posts in root canal‐treated, single‐rooted permanent teeth. By analyzing in vitro studies, it addresses gaps in fiber post system research. Materials and Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library (until May 2024) identified in vitro studies comparing these post types. The risk of bias was assessed using Sarkis‐Onofre et al. and Alhajj et al. methods. A meta‐analysis estimated pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) (PROSPERO: CRD42022362407). Results Out of 622 studies, nine were included. Polyethylene fiber posts had significantly lower fracture resistance (SMD = −1.77, 95% CI: −2.98 to −0.57). Meta‐regression showed no impact of force speed or load angle. Subgroup analysis highlighted significant effects of tooth type, storage media, post length, periodontal ligament (PDL) simulation, ferrule, and crown placement. Additionally, fractures in teeth restored with polyethylene fiber posts tended to be more repairable. Conclusions Polyethylene fiber posts exhibited lower fracture resistance than prefabricated glass fiber posts. However, multiple factors influence outcomes, highlighting the need for further research and standardization.