Autism spectrum disorder genetics; a comprehensive review

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Review discusses genetic factors and environmental influences on autism spectrum disorder risk, highlighting the role of key genes.

Autism spectrum disorder affects 1 in 44 children in the USA, with genetic factors contributing 40–80% of the risk.
A higher prevalence of autism is observed in boys, exceeding a four to one ratio compared to girls.
Key genes related to brain development influence the proliferation, growth, and organization of neurons and synapses.
Environmental influences like parental age and birth complications interact with genetic risks in autism development.

Mashayekhi et al. (2025) studied this question.

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